This briefing argues that the concept of social contagion helps to explain the recent surge in transgenderism among young people.
References
- 1 ‘Referrals to the Gender Identity Development Service (GIDS) level off in 2018-19’, The Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, 28 June 2019, see https://tavistockandportman.nhs.uk/about-us/news/stories/referrals-gender-identity-development-service-gids-level-2018-19/ as at 17 September 2020; ‘Referrals to GIDS, financial years 2015-16 to 2019-20’, Gender Identity Development Service, see https://gids.nhs.uk/number-referrals as at 17 September 2020
- 2 The Sunday Times, 30 June 2020
- 3 ‘Why are so many teenage girls appearing in gender clinics?’, The Economist, 1 September 2018 edition, see https://www.economist.com/united-states/2018/09/01/why-are-so-many-teenage-girls-appearing-in-gender-clinics as at 17 September 2020
- 4 Dr Polly Carmichael, Gender Identity Development Service Director, speaking on BBC Radio 4, The Trans Revolution, 8 April 2018
- 5 The Sunday Times, 25 November 2018
- 6 The Mail on Sunday, 18 November 2018
- 7 Clinical psychologist Anna Hutchinson, formerly of GIDS, speaking on BBC Radio 4, Going back: The people reversing their gender transition, BBC Radio 4, 1 December 2019
- 8 Littman, L, ‘Parent reports of adolescents and young adults perceived to show signs of a rapid onset of gender dysphoria’, PLoS ONE, 13(8), 16 August 2018
- 9 ‘Teen Transition and Social Media | with Helena’, Benjamin A Boyce YouTube channel, 28 February 2019, see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tJ-dEQunjMA as at 17 September 2020
- 10 ‘“That was dysphoria?” 8 signs and symptoms of indirect gender dysphoria’, Transgender Teen Survival Guide, Tumblr.com, see https://transgenderteensurvivalguide.tumblr.com/post/62036014416/that-was-dysphoria-8-signs-and-symptoms-of as at 17 September 2020
- 11 Reddit post by rileysmiley45, 3 June 2019, see https://www.reddit.com/r/ask_transgender/comments/bw4q4r/im_confused_about_my_gender/ as at 17 September 2020
- 12 Reddit post by whatamithrowawa, 2 October 2018, see https://www.reddit.com/r/ask_transgender/comments/9kqgnw/trying_to_figure_out_if_i_am_trans_or_not/ as at 17 September 2020
- 13 Reddit post by habitualeminence, 1 April 2019, see https://www.reddit.com/r/ask_transgender/comments/b7vl4g/i_honestly_dont_know_if_im_trans_or_not_any_advice/ as at 17 September 2020
- 14 Reddit post by Ahrenji, 19 November 2019, see https://www.reddit.com/r/MtF/comments/dyifq4/do_i_have_dysphoria/ as at 17 September 2020
- 15 Reddit post by serenityclearwater, 16 March 2019, see https://www.reddit.com/r/ask_transgender/comments/b1n5aq/apparently_i_might_be_trans/ as at 17 September 2020
- 16 Reddit post by Lucky_Wanderer, 24 July 2019, see https://www.reddit.com/r/ask_transgender/comments/chdvlc/is_it_gender_dysphoria_can_you_help_me/ as at 17 September 2020
- 17 Reddit post by unknown user, 3 January 2020, see https://www.reddit.com/r/ask_transgender/comments/ej72j8/how_do_i_know_that_im_trans/ as at 17 September 2020
- 18 Reddit post by sarah_b_21, 17 December 2019, see https://www.reddit.com/r/asktransgender/comments/ebukc7/am_i_really_really_thinking_about_this_right/ as at 17 September 2020
- 19 Reddit post by EmergencyPurple, 18 May 2018, see https://www.reddit.com/r/asktransgender/comments/8kare3/i_wish_i_had_dysphoria/ as at 17 September 2020
- 20 ‘Detransition & The Hero’s Journey | with Dagny’, Benjamin A Boyce YouTube channel, see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6o1_QDB9VZM as at 17 September 2020
- 21 ‘Coercion & Abuse in the Gender ID Community | with ⚢ GNC-Centric ⚢’, Benjamin A Boyce YouTube channel, see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QAMar22S0ck as at 17 September 2020; ‘Detransition & Self Acceptance | with Chiara’, Benjamin A Boyce YouTube channel, see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-fCOVjhZ3VI as at 17 September 2020
- 22 Littman, L, ‘Parent reports of adolescents and young adults perceived to show signs of a rapid onset of gender dysphoria’, PLoS ONE, 13(8), 16 August 2018; see also Littman, L, ‘Correction: Parent reports of adolescents and young adults perceived to show signs of a rapid onset of gender dysphoria’, PLoS ONE, 14(3), 19 March 2019
Attributions
- fp Dr Polly Carmichael: https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/12CF6/production/_112964077_pollycharmichael1.jpg
- fp Sad school girl: https://stock.adobe.com/uk/images/depressed-teenage-girl-wearing-school-uniform-meeting-with-counselor/234254289
- p2 Brown university, Van Wickle Gates https://flic.kr/p/m9CWsm
- p2 Sad looking woman: https://unsplash.com/photos/akT1bnnuMMk
- p3 Sad boy looking out of the window: https://www.123rf.com/photo_51612350_close-up-lonely-orphan-boy-in-an-orphanage-looking-outside-while-holding-the-glass-window.html
- p4 Woman sitting on a wall: https://www.pexels.com/photo/woman-wearing-black-jacket-blue-distressed-jeans-and-brown-boots-sitting-on-gray-concrete-barrier-217860/
- p5 Sad looking boy: https://www.123rf.com/photo_71214845_teenage-boy-with-problem-talking-with-counselor-at-home.html?fromid=WDVWQ2N6QjN2eGVtLzFpQ3Awc25FQT09
- bp Girl looking at her reflection: https://www.123rf.com/photo_46750326_child-or-young-girl-staring-at-herself-in-a-mirror-with-a-fish-tail-braid-in-her-hair.html
- bp Bible: https://www.123rf.com/photo_47903035_book.html